Understanding Infrastructure as Code (IaC)
Infrastructure as code (IaC) is a practice that has revolutionized the way organizations define and manage their infrastructure resources. It involves using machine-readable code to define and manage infrastructure components, treating infrastructure as software. This approach allows organizations to apply software development principles such as version control, testing, and automation to their infrastructure, resulting in numerous benefits.
With IaC, teams can define various infrastructure components, including servers, networks, and storage, in code. This code can then be deployed and managed through automation, eliminating the need for manual processes and ad-hoc configuration changes. By reducing human intervention, IaC significantly reduces the risk of human error, leading to a more reliable and consistent infrastructure.
One of the key advantages of IaC is its ability to establish a transparent and collaborative development process for managing infrastructure changes. By treating infrastructure as a codebase, organizations can leverage version control systems, allowing multiple team members to work on infrastructure changes simultaneously. This promotes collaboration, improves accountability, and ensures that changes are properly tracked and documented.
Another benefit of IaC is its ability to enable organizations to easily replicate and scale their infrastructure. With infrastructure defined in code, it becomes effortless to reproduce the same infrastructure setup in multiple environments, such as development, testing, and production. This not only saves time but also ensures consistency across different environments, reducing the chances of configuration drift.
IaC also plays a crucial role in enhancing the overall security of an organization's infrastructure. By defining security policies and configurations in code, organizations can ensure that security best practices are consistently applied across their infrastructure. Additionally, IaC allows for automated security testing and vulnerability scanning, enabling organizations to identify and address security issues early in the development process. IaC promotes agility and speed in infrastructure management. With the ability to define infrastructure as code, organizations can easily make changes, test them, and deploy them rapidly. This agility allows teams to respond quickly to changing business requirements and adapt their infrastructure accordingly, without the need for time-consuming manual processes.
The Importance of IaC Coverage
While the benefits of Infrastructure as Code (IaC) are well-established, it is equally important for organizations to monitor and assess the coverage of their infrastructure code. IaC coverage refers to the extent to which an organization's infrastructure is defined and managed through code. By measuring IaC coverage, tech leaders can gain valuable insights into the maturity and effectiveness of their IaC practices, identify areas for improvement, and ensure that their infrastructure is reliable and scalable.
One of the key reasons why IaC coverage is crucial is its impact on consistency and reproducibility. When infrastructure is defined through code, it becomes easier to ensure that all environments, from development to production, are consistent. This consistency reduces the chances of configuration drift, where environments diverge from their intended state over time. With comprehensive IaC coverage, organizations can confidently deploy and manage their infrastructure, knowing that it is reproducible across different environments.
IaC coverage enables organizations to adopt a more agile and iterative approach to infrastructure management. With infrastructure defined as code, it becomes easier to make changes, test them, and roll them back if necessary. This flexibility allows organizations to respond quickly to changing business requirements and market conditions. By continuously monitoring and improving IaC coverage, organizations can ensure that their infrastructure is adaptable and responsive to evolving needs.
Another benefit of comprehensive IaC coverage is improved collaboration and knowledge sharing within teams. When infrastructure is defined and managed through code, it becomes easier for team members to understand and contribute to the infrastructure codebase. This shared understanding fosters collaboration and enables teams to work together more effectively. Additionally, with clear and well-documented infrastructure code, organizations can onboard new team members more efficiently, reducing the time and effort required to get them up to speed.
Methods to Calculate IaC Coverage
Calculating Infrastructure as Code (IaC) coverage is an essential step in ensuring the reliability and consistency of your infrastructure. By measuring the extent to which your infrastructure components are defined in code, you can identify potential gaps and improve the overall management of your infrastructure. While there are several methods to calculate IaC coverage, each with its own advantages and limitations, here are a few common approaches:
Code Repository Analysis: One method to assess IaC coverage is by analyzing the code repositories where infrastructure code is stored. By examining the codebase, teams can determine the percentage of infrastructure components defined in code. This approach provides a high-level view of IaC coverage, allowing teams to gauge the extent to which their infrastructure is managed through code. However, it's important to note that this method may not capture changes made outside the repository, such as manual modifications made directly to infrastructure resources. Furthermore, code repository analysis can also provide insights into the evolution of infrastructure code over time. By examining commit history and version control, teams can track the progress of IaC adoption and identify areas that require improvement.
Configuration Management Tools: Another approach to assess IaC coverage is by utilizing configuration management tools like Chef, Puppet, or Ansible. These tools enable teams to define and manage infrastructure configurations through code, ensuring that the desired state of the infrastructure is maintained. By comparing the desired state defined in code with the actual state of deployed resources, configuration management tools can identify configuration drift, which represents inconsistencies between the intended infrastructure state and the reality. By leveraging configuration management tools, teams can gain visibility into the gaps in IaC coverage by identifying resources that are not managed through code. This method allows for a more granular assessment of IaC coverage, as it focuses on the specific resources and configurations managed by the chosen tool. However, it's important to note that this approach may not capture infrastructure resources that are not supported by the chosen configuration management tool.
Infrastructure as Code Linters: Linters play a crucial role in automating the analysis of infrastructure code against predefined rulesets. Tools like Terraform validate or CloudFormation Linter can be used to validate the syntax, security, and adherence to best practices of your infrastructure code. By running these linters, teams can identify potential issues and gaps in IaC coverage, ensuring that the codebase meets the required standards. Infrastructure as code linters provide a comprehensive analysis of your codebase, helping teams identify areas that require improvement. These tools can highlight potential security vulnerabilities, deprecated features, or inefficient configurations, allowing teams to address these issues and enhance their IaC coverage. However, it's important to note that linters primarily focus on the code itself and may not provide insights into the overall coverage of infrastructure resources.
By utilizing these methods, teams can gain a deeper understanding of their IaC coverage and make informed decisions to enhance the management of their infrastructure. It's important to note that no single method can provide a complete picture of IaC coverage, and a combination of approaches is often necessary to achieve comprehensive coverage. Regularly assessing and improving IaC coverage is crucial for maintaining a reliable and scalable infrastructure that can adapt to changing business requirements.
Improving IaC Coverage
Once the IaC coverage has been calculated, organizations can take steps to improve it. Here are a few strategies to consider:
Educating and Empowering Teams
Providing training and resources to development and operations teams on the benefits and best practices of IaC can foster a culture of code-centric infrastructure management. By enabling teams with the knowledge and skills to write and manage infrastructure code, organizations can improve IaC coverage.
When it comes to improving IaC coverage, education plays a crucial role. Organizations should invest in comprehensive training programs that educate their teams on the importance of IaC and its benefits. By providing resources such as workshops, online courses, and documentation, organizations can empower their teams to embrace IaC and integrate it into their daily workflows.
Furthermore, organizations should encourage a culture of continuous learning by organizing knowledge-sharing sessions and promoting collaboration between teams. By fostering an environment where team members can exchange ideas and learn from each other's experiences, organizations can create a strong foundation for improving IaC coverage.
Implementing Continuous Integration and Delivery (CI/CD)
Integrating IaC into CI/CD pipelines allows teams to detect and correct gaps in IaC coverage early in the development cycle. By automating tests and validations, organizations can ensure that infrastructure code is continuously checked and aligned with the desired state defined in the codebase.
Continuous Integration and Delivery (CI/CD) practices are essential for improving IaC coverage. By integrating IaC into CI/CD pipelines, organizations can automate the process of testing and validating infrastructure code. This ensures that any gaps or issues in IaC coverage are identified and addressed early in the development cycle.
Automated tests can be set up to validate the correctness and reliability of infrastructure code. These tests can include checks for security vulnerabilities, compliance with industry standards, and adherence to best practices. By incorporating these tests into the CI/CD pipeline, organizations can ensure that their infrastructure code is continuously monitored and improved.
Leveraging Automation and Templates
Leveraging infrastructure automation frameworks and reusable templates, such as Terraform modules or CloudFormation stacks, can accelerate the adoption of IaC and improve coverage. By abstracting complex infrastructure configurations into reusable components, teams can increase the consistency and scalability of their infrastructure.
Automation and templates are powerful tools for improving IaC coverage. Infrastructure automation frameworks like Terraform and CloudFormation provide a way to define infrastructure as code, making it easier to manage and maintain complex infrastructure configurations.
By leveraging reusable templates, organizations can standardize their infrastructure deployments and ensure consistency across different environments. Templates, such as Terraform modules or CloudFormation stacks, encapsulate common infrastructure patterns and configurations, allowing teams to quickly provision and manage resources.
Understanding Infrastructure as Code (IaC)
Infrastructure as code (IaC) is a practice that has revolutionized the way organizations define and manage their infrastructure resources. It involves using machine-readable code to define and manage infrastructure components, treating infrastructure as software. This approach allows organizations to apply software development principles such as version control, testing, and automation to their infrastructure, resulting in numerous benefits.
With IaC, teams can define various infrastructure components, including servers, networks, and storage, in code. This code can then be deployed and managed through automation, eliminating the need for manual processes and ad-hoc configuration changes. By reducing human intervention, IaC significantly reduces the risk of human error, leading to a more reliable and consistent infrastructure.
One of the key advantages of IaC is its ability to establish a transparent and collaborative development process for managing infrastructure changes. By treating infrastructure as a codebase, organizations can leverage version control systems, allowing multiple team members to work on infrastructure changes simultaneously. This promotes collaboration, improves accountability, and ensures that changes are properly tracked and documented.
Another benefit of IaC is its ability to enable organizations to easily replicate and scale their infrastructure. With infrastructure defined in code, it becomes effortless to reproduce the same infrastructure setup in multiple environments, such as development, testing, and production. This not only saves time but also ensures consistency across different environments, reducing the chances of configuration drift.
IaC also plays a crucial role in enhancing the overall security of an organization's infrastructure. By defining security policies and configurations in code, organizations can ensure that security best practices are consistently applied across their infrastructure. Additionally, IaC allows for automated security testing and vulnerability scanning, enabling organizations to identify and address security issues early in the development process. IaC promotes agility and speed in infrastructure management. With the ability to define infrastructure as code, organizations can easily make changes, test them, and deploy them rapidly. This agility allows teams to respond quickly to changing business requirements and adapt their infrastructure accordingly, without the need for time-consuming manual processes.
The Importance of IaC Coverage
While the benefits of Infrastructure as Code (IaC) are well-established, it is equally important for organizations to monitor and assess the coverage of their infrastructure code. IaC coverage refers to the extent to which an organization's infrastructure is defined and managed through code. By measuring IaC coverage, tech leaders can gain valuable insights into the maturity and effectiveness of their IaC practices, identify areas for improvement, and ensure that their infrastructure is reliable and scalable.
One of the key reasons why IaC coverage is crucial is its impact on consistency and reproducibility. When infrastructure is defined through code, it becomes easier to ensure that all environments, from development to production, are consistent. This consistency reduces the chances of configuration drift, where environments diverge from their intended state over time. With comprehensive IaC coverage, organizations can confidently deploy and manage their infrastructure, knowing that it is reproducible across different environments.
IaC coverage enables organizations to adopt a more agile and iterative approach to infrastructure management. With infrastructure defined as code, it becomes easier to make changes, test them, and roll them back if necessary. This flexibility allows organizations to respond quickly to changing business requirements and market conditions. By continuously monitoring and improving IaC coverage, organizations can ensure that their infrastructure is adaptable and responsive to evolving needs.
Another benefit of comprehensive IaC coverage is improved collaboration and knowledge sharing within teams. When infrastructure is defined and managed through code, it becomes easier for team members to understand and contribute to the infrastructure codebase. This shared understanding fosters collaboration and enables teams to work together more effectively. Additionally, with clear and well-documented infrastructure code, organizations can onboard new team members more efficiently, reducing the time and effort required to get them up to speed.
Methods to Calculate IaC Coverage
Calculating Infrastructure as Code (IaC) coverage is an essential step in ensuring the reliability and consistency of your infrastructure. By measuring the extent to which your infrastructure components are defined in code, you can identify potential gaps and improve the overall management of your infrastructure. While there are several methods to calculate IaC coverage, each with its own advantages and limitations, here are a few common approaches:
Code Repository Analysis: One method to assess IaC coverage is by analyzing the code repositories where infrastructure code is stored. By examining the codebase, teams can determine the percentage of infrastructure components defined in code. This approach provides a high-level view of IaC coverage, allowing teams to gauge the extent to which their infrastructure is managed through code. However, it's important to note that this method may not capture changes made outside the repository, such as manual modifications made directly to infrastructure resources. Furthermore, code repository analysis can also provide insights into the evolution of infrastructure code over time. By examining commit history and version control, teams can track the progress of IaC adoption and identify areas that require improvement.
Configuration Management Tools: Another approach to assess IaC coverage is by utilizing configuration management tools like Chef, Puppet, or Ansible. These tools enable teams to define and manage infrastructure configurations through code, ensuring that the desired state of the infrastructure is maintained. By comparing the desired state defined in code with the actual state of deployed resources, configuration management tools can identify configuration drift, which represents inconsistencies between the intended infrastructure state and the reality. By leveraging configuration management tools, teams can gain visibility into the gaps in IaC coverage by identifying resources that are not managed through code. This method allows for a more granular assessment of IaC coverage, as it focuses on the specific resources and configurations managed by the chosen tool. However, it's important to note that this approach may not capture infrastructure resources that are not supported by the chosen configuration management tool.
Infrastructure as Code Linters: Linters play a crucial role in automating the analysis of infrastructure code against predefined rulesets. Tools like Terraform validate or CloudFormation Linter can be used to validate the syntax, security, and adherence to best practices of your infrastructure code. By running these linters, teams can identify potential issues and gaps in IaC coverage, ensuring that the codebase meets the required standards. Infrastructure as code linters provide a comprehensive analysis of your codebase, helping teams identify areas that require improvement. These tools can highlight potential security vulnerabilities, deprecated features, or inefficient configurations, allowing teams to address these issues and enhance their IaC coverage. However, it's important to note that linters primarily focus on the code itself and may not provide insights into the overall coverage of infrastructure resources.
By utilizing these methods, teams can gain a deeper understanding of their IaC coverage and make informed decisions to enhance the management of their infrastructure. It's important to note that no single method can provide a complete picture of IaC coverage, and a combination of approaches is often necessary to achieve comprehensive coverage. Regularly assessing and improving IaC coverage is crucial for maintaining a reliable and scalable infrastructure that can adapt to changing business requirements.
Improving IaC Coverage
Once the IaC coverage has been calculated, organizations can take steps to improve it. Here are a few strategies to consider:
Educating and Empowering Teams
Providing training and resources to development and operations teams on the benefits and best practices of IaC can foster a culture of code-centric infrastructure management. By enabling teams with the knowledge and skills to write and manage infrastructure code, organizations can improve IaC coverage.
When it comes to improving IaC coverage, education plays a crucial role. Organizations should invest in comprehensive training programs that educate their teams on the importance of IaC and its benefits. By providing resources such as workshops, online courses, and documentation, organizations can empower their teams to embrace IaC and integrate it into their daily workflows.
Furthermore, organizations should encourage a culture of continuous learning by organizing knowledge-sharing sessions and promoting collaboration between teams. By fostering an environment where team members can exchange ideas and learn from each other's experiences, organizations can create a strong foundation for improving IaC coverage.
Implementing Continuous Integration and Delivery (CI/CD)
Integrating IaC into CI/CD pipelines allows teams to detect and correct gaps in IaC coverage early in the development cycle. By automating tests and validations, organizations can ensure that infrastructure code is continuously checked and aligned with the desired state defined in the codebase.
Continuous Integration and Delivery (CI/CD) practices are essential for improving IaC coverage. By integrating IaC into CI/CD pipelines, organizations can automate the process of testing and validating infrastructure code. This ensures that any gaps or issues in IaC coverage are identified and addressed early in the development cycle.
Automated tests can be set up to validate the correctness and reliability of infrastructure code. These tests can include checks for security vulnerabilities, compliance with industry standards, and adherence to best practices. By incorporating these tests into the CI/CD pipeline, organizations can ensure that their infrastructure code is continuously monitored and improved.
Leveraging Automation and Templates
Leveraging infrastructure automation frameworks and reusable templates, such as Terraform modules or CloudFormation stacks, can accelerate the adoption of IaC and improve coverage. By abstracting complex infrastructure configurations into reusable components, teams can increase the consistency and scalability of their infrastructure.
Automation and templates are powerful tools for improving IaC coverage. Infrastructure automation frameworks like Terraform and CloudFormation provide a way to define infrastructure as code, making it easier to manage and maintain complex infrastructure configurations.
By leveraging reusable templates, organizations can standardize their infrastructure deployments and ensure consistency across different environments. Templates, such as Terraform modules or CloudFormation stacks, encapsulate common infrastructure patterns and configurations, allowing teams to quickly provision and manage resources.
Understanding Infrastructure as Code (IaC)
Infrastructure as code (IaC) is a practice that has revolutionized the way organizations define and manage their infrastructure resources. It involves using machine-readable code to define and manage infrastructure components, treating infrastructure as software. This approach allows organizations to apply software development principles such as version control, testing, and automation to their infrastructure, resulting in numerous benefits.
With IaC, teams can define various infrastructure components, including servers, networks, and storage, in code. This code can then be deployed and managed through automation, eliminating the need for manual processes and ad-hoc configuration changes. By reducing human intervention, IaC significantly reduces the risk of human error, leading to a more reliable and consistent infrastructure.
One of the key advantages of IaC is its ability to establish a transparent and collaborative development process for managing infrastructure changes. By treating infrastructure as a codebase, organizations can leverage version control systems, allowing multiple team members to work on infrastructure changes simultaneously. This promotes collaboration, improves accountability, and ensures that changes are properly tracked and documented.
Another benefit of IaC is its ability to enable organizations to easily replicate and scale their infrastructure. With infrastructure defined in code, it becomes effortless to reproduce the same infrastructure setup in multiple environments, such as development, testing, and production. This not only saves time but also ensures consistency across different environments, reducing the chances of configuration drift.
IaC also plays a crucial role in enhancing the overall security of an organization's infrastructure. By defining security policies and configurations in code, organizations can ensure that security best practices are consistently applied across their infrastructure. Additionally, IaC allows for automated security testing and vulnerability scanning, enabling organizations to identify and address security issues early in the development process. IaC promotes agility and speed in infrastructure management. With the ability to define infrastructure as code, organizations can easily make changes, test them, and deploy them rapidly. This agility allows teams to respond quickly to changing business requirements and adapt their infrastructure accordingly, without the need for time-consuming manual processes.
The Importance of IaC Coverage
While the benefits of Infrastructure as Code (IaC) are well-established, it is equally important for organizations to monitor and assess the coverage of their infrastructure code. IaC coverage refers to the extent to which an organization's infrastructure is defined and managed through code. By measuring IaC coverage, tech leaders can gain valuable insights into the maturity and effectiveness of their IaC practices, identify areas for improvement, and ensure that their infrastructure is reliable and scalable.
One of the key reasons why IaC coverage is crucial is its impact on consistency and reproducibility. When infrastructure is defined through code, it becomes easier to ensure that all environments, from development to production, are consistent. This consistency reduces the chances of configuration drift, where environments diverge from their intended state over time. With comprehensive IaC coverage, organizations can confidently deploy and manage their infrastructure, knowing that it is reproducible across different environments.
IaC coverage enables organizations to adopt a more agile and iterative approach to infrastructure management. With infrastructure defined as code, it becomes easier to make changes, test them, and roll them back if necessary. This flexibility allows organizations to respond quickly to changing business requirements and market conditions. By continuously monitoring and improving IaC coverage, organizations can ensure that their infrastructure is adaptable and responsive to evolving needs.
Another benefit of comprehensive IaC coverage is improved collaboration and knowledge sharing within teams. When infrastructure is defined and managed through code, it becomes easier for team members to understand and contribute to the infrastructure codebase. This shared understanding fosters collaboration and enables teams to work together more effectively. Additionally, with clear and well-documented infrastructure code, organizations can onboard new team members more efficiently, reducing the time and effort required to get them up to speed.
Methods to Calculate IaC Coverage
Calculating Infrastructure as Code (IaC) coverage is an essential step in ensuring the reliability and consistency of your infrastructure. By measuring the extent to which your infrastructure components are defined in code, you can identify potential gaps and improve the overall management of your infrastructure. While there are several methods to calculate IaC coverage, each with its own advantages and limitations, here are a few common approaches:
Code Repository Analysis: One method to assess IaC coverage is by analyzing the code repositories where infrastructure code is stored. By examining the codebase, teams can determine the percentage of infrastructure components defined in code. This approach provides a high-level view of IaC coverage, allowing teams to gauge the extent to which their infrastructure is managed through code. However, it's important to note that this method may not capture changes made outside the repository, such as manual modifications made directly to infrastructure resources. Furthermore, code repository analysis can also provide insights into the evolution of infrastructure code over time. By examining commit history and version control, teams can track the progress of IaC adoption and identify areas that require improvement.
Configuration Management Tools: Another approach to assess IaC coverage is by utilizing configuration management tools like Chef, Puppet, or Ansible. These tools enable teams to define and manage infrastructure configurations through code, ensuring that the desired state of the infrastructure is maintained. By comparing the desired state defined in code with the actual state of deployed resources, configuration management tools can identify configuration drift, which represents inconsistencies between the intended infrastructure state and the reality. By leveraging configuration management tools, teams can gain visibility into the gaps in IaC coverage by identifying resources that are not managed through code. This method allows for a more granular assessment of IaC coverage, as it focuses on the specific resources and configurations managed by the chosen tool. However, it's important to note that this approach may not capture infrastructure resources that are not supported by the chosen configuration management tool.
Infrastructure as Code Linters: Linters play a crucial role in automating the analysis of infrastructure code against predefined rulesets. Tools like Terraform validate or CloudFormation Linter can be used to validate the syntax, security, and adherence to best practices of your infrastructure code. By running these linters, teams can identify potential issues and gaps in IaC coverage, ensuring that the codebase meets the required standards. Infrastructure as code linters provide a comprehensive analysis of your codebase, helping teams identify areas that require improvement. These tools can highlight potential security vulnerabilities, deprecated features, or inefficient configurations, allowing teams to address these issues and enhance their IaC coverage. However, it's important to note that linters primarily focus on the code itself and may not provide insights into the overall coverage of infrastructure resources.
By utilizing these methods, teams can gain a deeper understanding of their IaC coverage and make informed decisions to enhance the management of their infrastructure. It's important to note that no single method can provide a complete picture of IaC coverage, and a combination of approaches is often necessary to achieve comprehensive coverage. Regularly assessing and improving IaC coverage is crucial for maintaining a reliable and scalable infrastructure that can adapt to changing business requirements.
Improving IaC Coverage
Once the IaC coverage has been calculated, organizations can take steps to improve it. Here are a few strategies to consider:
Educating and Empowering Teams
Providing training and resources to development and operations teams on the benefits and best practices of IaC can foster a culture of code-centric infrastructure management. By enabling teams with the knowledge and skills to write and manage infrastructure code, organizations can improve IaC coverage.
When it comes to improving IaC coverage, education plays a crucial role. Organizations should invest in comprehensive training programs that educate their teams on the importance of IaC and its benefits. By providing resources such as workshops, online courses, and documentation, organizations can empower their teams to embrace IaC and integrate it into their daily workflows.
Furthermore, organizations should encourage a culture of continuous learning by organizing knowledge-sharing sessions and promoting collaboration between teams. By fostering an environment where team members can exchange ideas and learn from each other's experiences, organizations can create a strong foundation for improving IaC coverage.
Implementing Continuous Integration and Delivery (CI/CD)
Integrating IaC into CI/CD pipelines allows teams to detect and correct gaps in IaC coverage early in the development cycle. By automating tests and validations, organizations can ensure that infrastructure code is continuously checked and aligned with the desired state defined in the codebase.
Continuous Integration and Delivery (CI/CD) practices are essential for improving IaC coverage. By integrating IaC into CI/CD pipelines, organizations can automate the process of testing and validating infrastructure code. This ensures that any gaps or issues in IaC coverage are identified and addressed early in the development cycle.
Automated tests can be set up to validate the correctness and reliability of infrastructure code. These tests can include checks for security vulnerabilities, compliance with industry standards, and adherence to best practices. By incorporating these tests into the CI/CD pipeline, organizations can ensure that their infrastructure code is continuously monitored and improved.
Leveraging Automation and Templates
Leveraging infrastructure automation frameworks and reusable templates, such as Terraform modules or CloudFormation stacks, can accelerate the adoption of IaC and improve coverage. By abstracting complex infrastructure configurations into reusable components, teams can increase the consistency and scalability of their infrastructure.
Automation and templates are powerful tools for improving IaC coverage. Infrastructure automation frameworks like Terraform and CloudFormation provide a way to define infrastructure as code, making it easier to manage and maintain complex infrastructure configurations.
By leveraging reusable templates, organizations can standardize their infrastructure deployments and ensure consistency across different environments. Templates, such as Terraform modules or CloudFormation stacks, encapsulate common infrastructure patterns and configurations, allowing teams to quickly provision and manage resources.
